A cyclic heptapeptide melanocortin receptor agonist (MC3R/MC4R) FDA approved for hypoactive sexual desire disorder, acting directly within the central nervous system.
~2.7 hours
Melanocortin Receptor 4 (MC4R)
C50H68N14O10
Administered via on-demand subcutaneous auto-injector at least 45 minutes before anticipated activity.
Multiple randomized controlled trials published in humans.
Animal (rodent) and in-vitro cellular assays. Does NOT prove human efficacy.
Formal regulatory oversight and verified clinical development phase.
Evidence classification for Bremelanotide (PT-141): Human clinical data is strictly differentiated from non-human animal and in-vitro laboratory assays.
C50H68N14O10
Ac-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-OH
Bremelanotide (trade name Vyleesi, code PT-141) is a synthetic cyclic peptide derived from Melanotan II. Unlike vascular phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (such as sildenafil) that operate peripherally, Bremelanotide acts centrally in the hypothalamus and limbic system. It received FDA approval in 2019 for premenopausal women experiencing generalized hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD).
Non-selectively activates central melanocortin receptors, primarily MC4R and MC3R, modulating neural pathways involved in sexual motivation, autonomic arousal, and dopamine release within the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens.
Peer-reviewed publications, clinical trials, and preclinical research investigating Bremelanotide (PT-141).
Pivotal phase 3 registration trials leading to FDA approval of bremelanotide, demonstrating central melanocortin receptor-mediated improvements in sexual desire and reduction in related distress.
Documented literature dosing intervals and published clinical trial protocols.
Biological delivery routes and standardized laboratory reconstitution principles.
Administered via on-demand subcutaneous auto-injector at least 45 minutes before anticipated activity.
Lyophilized peptides must be reconstituted using sterile bacteriostatic water (0.9% benzyl alcohol) and maintained strictly refrigerated between 2°C - 8°C (36°F - 46°F), shielded from light.
View Full Preparation ProtocolCompiled from peer-reviewed biomedical literature, public clinical trial registries, and recognized reference catalog databases.
Pharmacological profiles, receptor targets, and clinical data are verified against primary registries:
Community research topics, peptide nomenclature, and aliases are cross-referenced with public catalogs:
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